⚠ Seek prompt evaluation — symptoms associated with this condition may indicate a sight-threatening emergency. Call (949) 534-4000 immediately.
What is ocular trauma?
Ocular trauma refers to any injury to the eye or surrounding structures, ranging from minor scratches to severe injuries that threaten vision. Ocular trauma can result from accidents, sports injuries, workplace incidents, or assaults. Prompt evaluation and treatment are essential to prevent permanent vision loss and other complications.
Causes and risk factors
- Blunt trauma: Sports injuries, falls, or being struck by an object.
- Penetrating injuries: Sharp objects such as glass, metal, or wood entering the eye.
- Chemical injuries: Exposure to acids, alkalis, or other harmful chemicals.
- Foreign bodies: Particles such as dust, sand, or metal shavings entering the eye.
- Thermal injuries: Burns from heat, fire, or explosions.
- High-risk activities: Construction, yard work, contact sports, and fireworks.
Symptoms
- Eye pain or discomfort
- Redness or swelling
- Blurred or decreased vision
- Tearing or discharge
- Sensitivity to light
- Bleeding in or around the eye
- Visible wound or foreign object
- Double vision or loss of vision
Diagnosis
Diagnosis involves a thorough eye examination and may include:
- Visual acuity testing: To assess the level of vision.
- Slit-lamp examination: To evaluate the front structures of the eye.
- Dilated retinal exam: To check for internal injuries.
- Imaging: X-rays, CT scans, or ultrasound if a foreign body or fracture is suspected.
- Fluorescein staining: To detect corneal abrasions or lacerations.
Treatment options
Treatment depends on the type and severity of the injury:
- Foreign body removal: Careful removal of particles from the eye surface.
- Antibiotic or lubricating drops: To prevent infection and promote healing.
- Eye patching or shielding: To protect the eye during healing.
- Surgical repair: For lacerations, globe rupture, or intraocular foreign bodies.
- Treatment of complications: Such as retinal detachment, hyphema (bleeding in the eye), or increased eye pressure.
- Tetanus prophylaxis: If indicated.
Prognosis and ongoing care
- Many minor injuries heal well with prompt care.
- Severe injuries may require surgery and long-term follow-up.
- Early treatment is critical to prevent complications such as infection, scarring, glaucoma, or permanent vision loss.
- Protective eyewear is recommended for high-risk activities to prevent future injuries.
Our approach
We provide rapid assessment, advanced imaging, and comprehensive treatment for all types of ocular trauma. Our goal is to restore and preserve vision, manage complications, and support your recovery every step of the way.
Patient Resources
- American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) – Eye Injuries
- National Eye Institute (NEI) – Sports and Eye Safety Tips
If you have additional questions or need support, please contact our office. We are here to help you every step of the way.
Frequently Asked Questions
What should I do if I injure my eye?
Seek immediate medical attention. Do not rub the eye or try to remove embedded objects yourself.
Can eye injuries cause permanent vision loss?
Yes, severe injuries can lead to permanent vision loss if not treated promptly.
How are foreign bodies in the eye treated?
Most can be safely removed in the office. Embedded or intraocular foreign bodies may require surgery.
What are the signs of a serious eye injury?
Sudden vision loss, severe pain, bleeding, visible wounds, or a foreign object in the eye are all signs of a serious injury.
How can I prevent eye injuries?
Wear protective eyewear during sports, construction, yard work, or when using chemicals.